1. Jaršskorpuhreyfingar og aflfręši jaršar.
Meš beinum męlingum į hreyfingum jaršskorpunnar mį setja skoršur
viš lķkön af aflfręšilegum eiginleikum jaršar, s.s. fjöšrun og
seigju, og žeim ferlum sem aš verki eru. Beitt er margvķslegri męlitękni
til aš įkvarša hreyfingarnar, s.s. GPS-landmęlingum, ratsjįr-vķxlunarmęlingum
(SAR), sjįvarboršsmęlingum og fjarlęgšarmęlingum.
2. Jaršskjįlftar og
brotahreyfingar jaršskorpunnar.
Kannaš er ešli og orsakir jaršskjįlfta
meš žvķ aš athuga bylgjur sem berast frį upptökum žeirra og žau
ummerki sem žeir skilja eftir sig į yfirborši jaršar. Įkvöršuš
er stęrš, skjįlftavęgi og brotlausn helstu jaršskjįlfta į Ķslandi,
einnig į skjįlftabelti Atlantshafshryggjarins, sem umbrotasvęši
landsins eru hluti af. Nišurstöšurnar skipta miklu mįli viš mat į
skjįlftahęttu.
3. Innvišir og aflfręši eldstöšva.
Skjįlftamęlingar veita upplżsingar
um innri gerš og virkni eldstöšva. Skjįlftavirkni ķ rótum eldstöšvar
gefur vķsbendingar um įstand hennar, kvikužrżsting eša tilfęrslu
į kviku. Stašsetningar skjįlftaupptaka sżna hvar jaršskorpan er stökk,
bylgjur sem berast frį upptökunum geta gefiš vķsbendingar um kvikuhólf
eša brįšiš berg.
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1. Crustal movements and geodynamics.
Direct measurements of the
movements of the Earth“s crust are used to constrain models of physical
properties and processes within the Earth. Several measuring techniques
are used to determine the movements, s.a. GPS-geodesy, satellite radar
(SAR) interferometry, sea-level monitoring, and electromagnetic distance
measurements.
2. Earthquakes and tectonism.
The source processes of
earthquakes are studied by investigating the waves they produce and the
surface manifestation of the causative faults. The focal mechanisms of
earthquakes are determined as well as parameters s.a. the magnitude and
the seismic moment. The area of study is the seismic belt of the
Mid-Atlantic Ridge, including the active tectonic zones of Iceland. The
results are of fundamental importance for estimates of seismic risk.
3. Internal structure and dynamics
of volcanoes.
Seismographs are used to give
information on the structure and activity of volcanoes. Seismic activity
in the roots of a volcano gives an indication of its physical state,
magma pressure and magma movements. Earthquake sources show where the
crust is brittle, and seismic waves carry information on magma chambers
and molten material.
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